J. Anim Sci.
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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 74, Issue 7 1672-1680, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Bioactivation of aflatoxin B1 in the nasal and tracheal mucosa in swine

P. Larsson and H. Tjalve
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.

Whole-body autoradiography of 3H-labeled aflatoxin B1 in young pigs showed a localization of bound label in the nasal olfactory and respiratory mucosa, in the tracheo-laryngeal mucosa, and in the conjunctiva, in addition to the liver. Whole-body and microautoradiography also showed a labeling of pigmented tissues, which can be ascribed to a melanin binding of AFB1. In vitro experiments with microsomal preparations of various tissues from sows revealed that the nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosa had the highest capacity to form DNA-bound aflatoxin B1-metabolites. The tracheal mucosa and the liver, in order, had lesser binding capacity. The lung was found to be devoid of aflatoxin B1-bioactivating capacity. In vitro microautoradiography revealed bound label in specific cell types in the nose and trachea and in some cells of the conjunctiva. A drastic decrease in the aflatoxin B1-DNA binding was observed when microsomal preparations of the nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosa were incubated in the presence of reduced glutathione, but without any addition of cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases. In incubations of liver microsomes under these conditions a somewhat lower inhibition of the aflatoxin B1-DNA binding was seen. Our results demonstrate that the nasal olfactory and respiratory mucosa and the tracheal mucosa have a higher capacity than the liver to bioactivate aflatoxin B1 in swine. Our data further show that microsomal-associated glutathione-S-transferases with a high capacity to catalyze the conjugation of the reactive aflatoxin B1-epoxide to reduced glutathione are present in the nasal olfactory and respiratory mucosa of swine.


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Copyright © 1996 by the American Society of Animal Science.